Showing 15 results for Knowledge
Leila Nemati Anaraki,
Volume 1, Issue 1 (4-2015)
Abstract
Introduction: The dynamism of new economy requires researchers in different disciplines including medicine, not only to create knowledge quickly but also to acquire and apply knowledge through knowledge sharing (KS). So, determining factors that may influence knowledge sharing among organizations has become an important area of research. The purpose of this paper is to identify and determine factors that positively affect knowledge sharing for inter-organizational collaboration among medical research centers and medical universities in Iran, as well as proposal of a comprehensive model for it.
Methods: The method of this paper in data collection is mixed methods and applied research that was conducted in 2012. The faculty members of medical universities and research centers supervised by the Ministry of Health Treatment and Medical Education the population of the research included where “stratified random sampling” was used and a minimum required capacity of 423 people was provided. Spss 15, And Amos Graphics softwares as well as modeling methods of structural equation were used for testing hypotheses and assessment of the model.
Results: With respect to the statistical results and the factor analysis from amongst three studied factors, results showed that only the effect of organizational factor on the frequency of inter-organizational knowledge sharing was recognized significant and the two individual and technical factors did not indicate significant effects on knowledge sharing. Eventually the inter-organizational knowledge sharing model was presented with the results obtained from the quantitative section.
Conclusion: The results of this Study will provide empirical basis for planning and implementing knowledge sharing mechanisms.
Saeed Malekmohammadi, Mohsen Haji Zeinolabedini ,
Volume 3, Issue 1 (3-2017)
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction: Identification the status of book publishing in Knowledge and Information Science during 2002-2011 in Iran.
Methods: This study is a practical research according to its aim. Research methodology is analytical survey. Data were collected through a checklist. The population consist of 632 books in field of Knowledge and Information Science published during 2002-2011. The books were searched in National Library website based on: subject, publication year, translator, author, and publisher. To analyze data, descriptive statistics was used by Excel software.
Results: Most books were published in 2011, while most translated books were published in 2006. Original books published more than translated books. Rahim Alijani was identified as the most productive author and Hamid Mohseni as the most productive translator. Nashre Ketabdar was known as the most active publisher, and the majority of books focused on” information and communication technology”.
Conclusion: Publishing books in this area has had an increasing trend, however, some topics have been neglected which need to be considered such as collection building &Exams and course outline &library management. So active authors & translators in this field should deal with all the relevant subjects trends especially those less- developed.
Saeed Ghaffari, Dr Sholeh Zakiani, Mrs Sedighe Fardin,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (12-2019)
Abstract
Aim: The feeling of justice has a strong impact on the attitudes and behavior of employees. This study follows the relationship between organizational justice and knowledge sharing among librarians with the role of mediator of organizational commitment in the libraries of Tabriz Azad University.
Methods: This was applied study in terms of purpose and data collection followed descriptive-correlational method. The sample size of 153 librarians working in Tabriz Azad University libraries was based on Cochran formula using random sampling. The instrument for collecting data was Mormon & Nijof organizational justice standard questionnaire, Immerman's organizational commitment questionnaire, and Maleki Knowledge Sharing Questionnaire. In order to complete the questionnaire, informed consent was obtained from all participants prior to participation in the study. Hypothesis was tested applying software of structural equations Smart PLS2.
Results: The Results of this study showed that the research variables have a significant relationship with the 95% confidence level. Therefore, any change in one of the variables will be accompanied by a change in the order of the other variables.
Conclusion: Regarding the place of justice in organizations, employees' perception of justice in the organization increases the amount of commitment and communication and therefore trigger the sharing of knowledge in the organization and ultimately affects the effectiveness and effectiveness of the operation of the whole organization.
Elham Maserat, Zeinab Mohammadzadeh, Elham Mpnaghesh,
Volume 5, Issue 2 (12-2019)
Abstract
Aim: Implementation of in-service training programs is a set of needs-based and planned training activities designed to improve and enhance the knowledge, skills, attitudes, and behaviors of members of the organization to perform specific organizational tasks. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of health technologies training program on knowledge of health information management personnel.
Methods: This quasi-experimental study was performed in Tabriz University of Medical Sciences. Data were collected through a questionnaire using pre-test and post-test. The study population consisted of health information management personnel of Alinasab Hospital in Tabriz with a sample size of 28 available. Data were analyzed by SPSS-19 and paired t-test.
Results: The mean score of knowledge of health information management personnel at the pre-test was 1.05 and the post-test was 4.75 which is comparably increased. The results showed a significant difference in the mean and standard deviation of personnel scores before and after training sessions. (P <0.05).
Conclusion: According to the findings of the present study, it was found that the scores before and after the training were significantly different. Accordingly, training programs can have a positive impact on the knowledge of health information management personnel.
Anahita Giti, Ms Ileen Fasihi, Zahra Faraji, Dr Marzie Golchin,
Volume 6, Issue 4 (12-2020)
Abstract
Aim: Knowledge, as one of the assets, plays a pivotal role in gaining the competitive advantage of the organization and institutions and is considered the ultimate alternative to production, wealth, and monetary capital. This study aimed to compare the application of knowledge management among librarians of University of Medical Sciences of Hamadan, Iran, and University of Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences based on Williams and Bukowitz's models.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study the statistical population includes all librarians (81 individuals) working in libraries of Medical Sciences Universities of Hamadan and Iran, and Universit of welfare and rehabilitation sciences. The method of data collection is Bukowitz and William's seven-component questionnaire. SPSS statistical software 17 and analysis of variance, Tukey and Kruskal tests were used to analyze the data.
Results: The mean of the studied components at Hamadan University of Medical sciences is about 41units higher than the mean score in the University of Welfare Sciences and at Iran university of medical sciences the maen score is 28 units higher than the Welfare University. Also, the mean for female employees is about 20 units less than male employees (with constant consideration of other variables effect). The other variables did not have a statistically significant effect on this mean.
Conclusion: By summing the scores of all components, this score was statistically significant in the three studied universities and the mean score of Hamedan University library staff was more than the other two universities and the mean score of the staff of Welfare Sciences University was less than the others. It seems that knowledge management has better conditions at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences.
Zahra Mastaneh, Ali Mouseli,
Volume 7, Issue 1 (5-2021)
Abstract
Aim: Awareness of the nature of the field of study makes students act purposefully along the path of education and anticipate career prospects. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitude of health information technology students towards their field of study and career prospects at Hormozgan University of Medical Sciences.
Methods: This was an applied descriptive-analytical study in 2018. All the 68 Health Information Technology undergraduate students whose entrance date was 2015-2018 were interviewed. A valid and reliable researcher-made questionnaire was used with Likert scale to record students' opinions in four areas of knowledge and attitude towards the field of study, knowledge and attitude towards the career prospects. The data were analyzed using SPSS26 with descriptive/analytical statistics such as Independent T-Test and ANOVA.
Results: In the four areas, the highest score was related to attitude towards career prospects and the lowest was related to knowledge of the field of study. Considering the variables of knowledge and attitude towards the field of study and career prospects based on demographic variables, there was a significant relationship between diploma mean grade and the knowledge about the field of study (p-value= 0.039). There was also a significant correlation between knowledge and attitude towards the field of study with a correlation coefficient of 0.657(p-value<0.001).
Conclusion: With the significant relationship between knowledge and attitude, acquiring the right knowledge based on actual capabilities of the field can improve the students’ level of attitude.
Maryam Jalili Sadrabad, Dr Laleh Sardarifard Moghadam, Raheb Ghorbani, Mehdi Salehi Zeinabadi, Shabnam Sohanian,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (7-2021)
Abstract
Aim: The field of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine is a relatively young specialty and in this study we evaluated the knowledge of Physicians, Dentists and Patients towards the fields of activity of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine in Semnan.
Methods: In this descriptive-analytical study, a questionnaire in various fields related to Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine Specialty designed and after confirming the reliability and validity, provided to 400 adult literate patients referred to Semnan Dental School and Kowsar Hospital, General Practitioners, Specialist Physicians, General Dentists and Specialist Dentists. The sampling method was census and software used for statistical analysis was SPSS with different data analysis methods including Kolmroof-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Chi-square tests being used with a significant level of 5%.
Results: Analyzed data showed that Patients in the field of treatment plan and referral (25%), General Practitioners and Specialist Dentists in the field of diseases (34.25%, 31.8% respectively) and Salivary gland tumors (9.15%, 15.9% respectively), Specialist Physicians in the field of Oral Surgery (22.1%), General Dentists in the field of Dental services to medically compromised patients (33%) had the least awareness.
Conclusion: In conclusion, special attention should be paid to the future educational planning for each target group, in the field which has the least awareness.
Majid Sarnayzadeh, Tahmures Sohrabi, Amir Bayat Tork,
Volume 7, Issue 2 (7-2021)
Abstract
Introduction: One of the main challenges of technology transfer in Iran is the imperfect transfer of humanware and orgaware. This study sought a model for applying knowledge management to solve the challenge of technology transfer.
Information sources or data: This comparative-analytical study was performed from 2020 to 2021. Library resources included articles, books, case reports, industrial reports and dissertations with keywords related to "technology transfer" and "knowledge management" published from 1990 to 2021 in Persian and English extracted in SID, Magiran, Civilica, RICeST, Irandoc, ISI, Science Direct, Google Scholar, Springer databases.
Selection methods for study: Technology transfer and knowledge management models were initially studied descriptive-analytically. Then, five knowledge management models that met the criteria were adapted to the six phases of the technology transfer process in a comparative-analytic study.
Combined content and result: Adaptation of the five models with six phases of acquisition, adaptation, absorption, application, development and dissemination of technology showed that none of the models alone are responsive to the considerations of technology transfer phases due to the complexity of technology transfer process. Therefore, a combination of several models was proposed to be adapted for each technology transfer phase.
Conclusion: A combination of four knowledge management models including 5W1H, SCPTS, EKMM and Bhatt in accordance with the six phases of technology transfer can increase the chance of complete transfer.
Soleiman Shafiee, Ardavan Hariri, Feizollah Foroghi,
Volume 7, Issue 4 (1-2022)
Abstract
Aim: Knowledge is a strategic resource for developing services and gaining a competitive advantage, and timely evaluation of knowledge activities will be an important factor for organizational performance excellence. The aim of this study was to evaluate the level of management maturity and knowledge of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences and its effect on performance excellence.
Methods: The research method is a survey, and its type is applied. The study population included managers and staff of Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences. The research was conducted in 2021. Sampling was simple stratified random sampling. The sample size was 320 people. The data collection tool was the standard questionnaire of the Asian Productivity Organization (reliability coefficient of the questionnaire: 0.83). The questionnaire consisted of seven main criteria and 46 questions. The statistical software used was SPSS version 26. ANOVA, t-test, and simple linear regression analyzed the data and tested the hypotheses.
Results: The research showed that the university was at the level of development of knowledge management maturity with a score of 141.16. The regression results showed that the knowledge processes index with a value of 0.69 had the highest effect, and the staff index with a value of 0.67 had the lowest effect on knowledge management maturity. The value of t-statistic was significant for indicators of knowledge maturity (technology, knowledge processes, leadership, process, learning and innovation, and knowledge management results) except employees at the level of less than 0.05.
Conclusion: The results of data analysis proved the relationship between the Asian Productivity Organization knowledge management maturity model and performance improvement. Therefore, the mentioned model can be relied on, and the results can be generalized to the university.
Sanaz Rahimi Kahkashi, Omid Ali Adeli,
Volume 8, Issue 1 (5-2022)
Abstract
Objective: The control of the COVID-19 pandemic can be successful with widespread acceptance of produced vaccines. To cover a wide range of people with vaccination, it is important to understand their behavioural perspectives. This study aims to investigate the knowledge and attitude of Iranian people towards the COVID-19 vaccines and its related factors.
Methods: This is a cross-sectional descriptive study. The study population includes all Iranian people who had access to social networks. The number of samples was determined using Cochran’s formula and the samples were recruited using a convenience sampling method in 2021 (n=370). A researcher-made questionnaire consisting of three sections of demographic information, knowledge and attitude was used to collect data. Data were analysed in SPSS v. 22 software using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Spearman correlation, Kruskal-Wallis, and Mann-Whitney U tests.
Results: The Mean±SD deviation of knowledge and attitude scores were 4.18±0.933 and 3.43±1.19, respectively. A strong positive correlation was observed between knowledge about and attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines. There was a significant difference between the scores of knowledge and attitude based on age, gender, marital status, income level, history of infection to COVID-19, and the death of a loved one due to COVID-19.
Conclusion: The levels of knowledge and attitude towards the COVID-19 vaccines are high in Iran. Since the knowledge and attitude in young, female, single, and low-income level people are less than in older, male, married and high-income people, the necessary measures should be taken to increase their awareness and attitude through the various social networks available to them.
Fatemeh Ahouz, Amin Golabpour, Abdolhosseain Shakibaeenia,
Volume 8, Issue 2 (7-2022)
Abstract
Objective Building clinical decision support models to automatically extract knowledge from data helps physicians in early diagnosis of disease. Interpretability of the diagnostic rules of these models for understanding how they make decisions and increasing confidence in their output is a key indicator in determining their efficacy.
Methods In this retrospective study, an automated hybrid rule extraction model is proposed for type 2 diabetes. In order to evaluate the model, the PIMA Diabetes dataset including 768 records and 9 variables was used. After removing the missing and outlier data in the data preprocessing stage, a proposed fuzzy-genetic hybrid model was implemented using MATLAB software to extract the rules. A self-organizing chromosomal structure was used to eliminate the complexity of setting genetic algorithm operators and facilitate the re-implementation of the model in other applications.
Results The accuracy of the proposed model on the PIMA dataset was 79.05%. This accuracy was obtained by two fuzzy rules, each of which contained only two independent variables. In addition, two single diagnostic rules for diabetic and non-diabetic individuals were presented with accuracy of 70.83% and 81.48%, respectively. The number of pregnancies, body mass index, diastolic blood pressure, diabetes pedigree function, plasma glucose concentration, and triceps skinfold thickness were the most effective factors in having or not having diabetes in the extracted rules.
Conclusion The proposed model with high accuracy and interpretability is quite suitable in producing an accurate and highly interpretable set of rules as well as single rules for diagnosing diabetes or absence of diabetes. Due to its self-organizing ability, it can also be used for other binary classification purposes.
Fateme Hajialikhani, Sepideh Sadeghi, Farzaneh Mohammadi, Mahnaz Nikaeen,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Objective The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), as an acute respiratory disease, spred to many countries in 2019. The best way to fight this disease is to break the chain of infection. This study aims to survey the knowledge, attitude and practice of students in Isfahan University of Medical Sciences (IUMS) regarding COVID-19.
Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on 252 students of IUMS who were selected by a simple random sampling method.The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire with 40 items and acceptable validity and reliability. The data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 26 using descriptive statistics and statistical tests.
Results The participants were 189 females (75%) and 63(25%) males. The mean scores of knowledge, attitude, and practice was 20.07±2.33 (ranged 0-24), 55.25±6.58 (ranged 14-70), and 9.96±1.37 (ranged 0-11), respectively, indicating their favorable level. The practice of female students was signifcantly higher than that of males. There was no significant difference in knowledge and attitude among students with different educational levels (P=0.551).
Conclusion knowledge, attitude, and practice of IUMS students regarding the protection measures against COVID-19 are at a favorable level. Implementing educational programs regarding health behaviors through pamphlets, posters, and mass media (TV and radio) as well as having preparedness strategies to deal with and control diseases can be effective to increase people's knowledge, attitude, and practice regarding the pandemics.
Saeed Ghafari, Sorayya Ziaei, Hamid Ghazizadeh, Sholeh Zakiani,
Volume 9, Issue 2 (7-2023)
Abstract
Objective Knowledge management can create a sustainable competitive advantage in a dynamic environment. The current study aims to provide a model for improving information services in libraries of medical sciences universities in Iran based on knowledge management components (information technology, culture, and strategies).
Methods This is a descriptive-analytical survey. The study population consists of 630 managers of the libraries of medical sciences universities in Iran in 2021-2022. The sample size was determined 373 using Cochran’s formula and sampling was done by a simple random method. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire including the Asian productivity organization’s knowledge management scale and the LibQUAL questionnaire. Descriptive statistics (frequency, percentage, and mean) and inferential statistics (correlation test, multiple regression analysis, and confirmatory factor analysis) were used for data analysis performed in AMOS software, version 24.
Results The knowledge management component of information technology had the strongest correlation with the quality of information services (β=0.26), followed by the organizational culture component (β=0.23). The component of strategy ranked third was with a beta value of 0.22.
Conclusion The knowledge management components of information technology, organizational culture and organizational strategies are effective on the promotion of information services in the libraries of medical sciences universities in Iran. The library managers should pay more attention to the improvement of information technology infrastructures in libraries and optimize the processes and strategies by improving the organizational culture.
Saeed Ghaffari, Nasrin Davaridolatabadi, Sholeh Zakiani,
Volume 9, Issue 4 (2-2024)
Abstract
Objective One of the strategic goals of knowledge management and health information systems in the world is to provide up-to-date and quality medical information to scholars. It is important to provide efficient services by maintaining, upgrading, and dynamizing libraries and ultimately satisfying and meeting the information needs of users. The present study aims to investigate the quality of information services in medical libraries in Iran based on the knowledge management model
Methods In this study, the quality of information services in the libraries of medical universities in Iran was examined through interviews with managers of selected libraries. The interview was based on Lawson’s knowledge management model in six areas of creation, capture, organization, storage, dissemination, and application. The participants were 10 managers of the libraries at Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Guilan University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, and Zabol University of Medical Sciences. The information was analyzed in Excel software.
Results The highest score (4.41) was obtained by Zabol University of Medical Sciences, and the lowest score (2.20) belonged to Iran University of Medical Sciences.
Conclusion The quality of information services based on the knowledge management model in Selected medical libraries in Iran is at a relatively moderate level. There is a need for fundamental changes in this field to promote information services in medical libraries. The medical universities in Iran need to improve the quality of information and communication technology infrastructure of libraries and develop knowledge maps to improve the ranking of the libraries.
Masoumeh Tajafari, Nasrin Fanoodi, Farhad Tanhaye Reshvanloo,
Volume 10, Issue 2 (7-2024)
Abstract
Objective Evidence-based nursing (EBN) is a useful approach for clinical care and improving the quality of treatment. One of the factors that plays an important role in improving the EBN of nurses is self-efficacy. This study aims to investigate the mediating role of knowledge and attitude in the relationship between self-efficacy and EBN practice.
Methods This is a descriptive and cross-sectional study. Participants were 250 nurses employed in hospitals affiliated to Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Iran in 2023. They were selected by multi-stage cluster sampling method. The data collection tool was a five-part questionnaire, including a sociodemographic part, general self-efficacy scale, and knowledge, attitude and practice scales. Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation test and path analysis in SPSS software, version 27 and AMOS software, version 24.
Results Self-efficacy had a direct effect on the EBN practice (β=0.308). It also had an indirect effect on the EBN practice through knowledge of EBN and attitude toward EBN (β=0.013). The designed model had a good fit to the data (χ2/df=1.131, GFI=0.988, CFI=0.993, IFI=0.994, TLI=0.988, RMSEA=0.023).
Conclusion Considering the important role of self-efficacy in EBN, it is recommended that medical universities and medical centers pay special attention to the nurses’ self-efficacy. Improving their self-efficacy, EBN knowledge, and attitude towards EBN by holding workshops or training courses should be a priority in medical centers. Adopting strategies to motivate and encourage nurses to use EBN can also be useful.
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