fa نقش فلسفه رئالیسم انتقادی بر عملکرد و تحقیقات پرستاری: مرور روایتی تخصصي Special مروری Review <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">هدف</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">: </span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">پرستاری یک رشته علمی-حرفه‌ای متمایز است که دانش آن از طریق تحقیق و عمل بالینی به دست می‌آید شیوه‌های مراقبت‌ بهداشتی امروزه چندوجهی هستند. ریالیسم انتقادی امکان کاوش عمیق در مورد چرایی وجود چیزی را فراهم می‌کند. لذا پژوهشی با هدف بررسی نقش فلسفه رئالیسم انتقادی در پرستاری انجام‌ شد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b>&nbsp;</b><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">منابع اطلاعات یا داده‌ها</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">: </span></span></span></b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">این مطالعه یک مرور روایتی غیرنظام مند است</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span mitranormal="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">جستجوی منابع بدون محدوده زمانی </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">پایگاههای اطلاعاتی </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span mitranormal="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Magiran</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">SID</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">IranDoc</span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> و</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span mitranormal="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">Civilica</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">و پایگاه</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%">&shy;های</span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> خارجی</span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">PubMed</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Scopus </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">WOS</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Google Scholar</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">Ovid</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:" timesnewromanpsmt=""><span style="color:black">Embase</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">انجام شد. </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span mitranormal="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">روش‌های انتخابی برای مطالعه</span></span></span></b><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span microsoft="" style="font-family:" uighur="">: </span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">جستجو با کلیدواژه ها </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">به صورت مجزا و ترکیبی تا اواخر سپتامبر 2025 انجام گردید</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:NazaninNormal"><span style="color:black">.</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> معیار ورود شامل</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> تمام مقالات منتشر شده‌ به زبان فارسی و انگلیسی با </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">دسترسی کامل به متن و محتوای مقاله بود. </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">ترکیب مطالب و نتایج</span></span></span></b><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> یافته ها نشان داد </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">رئالیسم انتقادی از طریق فراهم کردن چارچوبی تحلیلی برای شناسایی و تبیین روابط میان زمینه، ساختارهای پنهان و پیامدهای عملی، می‌تواند نقش مؤثری در ارتقاء عملکرد پرستاری ایفا کند. استفاده از این رویکرد در ارزیابی‌ها و مداخلات بالینی، به درک عمیق‌تر از عوامل مؤثر بر موفقیت یا ناکامی برنامه‌های مراقبتی کمک کرده و موجب تقویت تصمیم‌گیری حرفه‌ای و توسعه عمل مبتنی بر زمینه می‌شود. </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">در حوزه پژوهش </span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">این رویکرد، <span style="color:#222222">به عنوان یک چارچوب نظری می‌تواند اعتبار، عمق، و انسجام پژوهش‌های پرستاری را افزایش داده است.</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:"B Nazanin""></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:">نتیجه‌گیری:</span></span></span></b><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"> رئالیسم انتقادی با تقویت تصمیم‌گیری بالینی و افزایش انسجام پژوهش‌ها، چارچوبی واقع‌گرایانه برای ارتقای عمل و نظریه‌پردازی در پرستاری فراهم می‌کند.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Introduction:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Nursing is a distinct scientific-professional discipline whose knowledge is obtained through research and clinical practice. Today&#39;s healthcare practices are multifaceted. Critical realism allows for in-depth exploration of why something exists. Therefore, a study was conducted to investigate the role of the philosophy of critical realism in nursing.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Information sources or data</span></span></span></b><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">:</span></span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> This study is an unsystematic narrative review. A search for sources for this review was conducted without time limits in the databases Magiran, SID, IranDoc, and Civilica, and the external databases PubMed, Scopus, WOS, Google Scholar, Ovid, and Embase.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Selection methods: </span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">A search with keywords was conducted separately and in combination until the end of September 2025. The inclusion criteria included all articles published in Persian and English with full access to the text and content of the article.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Combine content and results:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> The findings showed that critical realism can play an effective role in improving nursing practice by providing an analytical framework for identifying and explaining the relationships between context, hidden structures, and practical consequences. The use of this approach in clinical assessments and interventions contributes to a deeper understanding of the factors affecting the success or failure of care programs and strengthens professional decision-making and the development of context-based practice. In the field of research, this approach, as a theoretical framework, can increase the validity, depth, and coherence of nursing research.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> <span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="font-family:Calibri,sans-serif"><b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times="">Conclusion:</span></span></span></b><span style="font-size:12.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""> Critical realism provides a realistic framework for advancing practice and theory in nursing by strengthening clinical decision-making and increasing the coherence of research.</span></span></span></span></span></span><br> &nbsp; رئالیسم, فلسفه, پرستاری, بالین, پژوهش. Philosophy, Realism, Nursing, Nursing Practical, Nursing Research, 0 0 http://jmis.hums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-1002-1&slc_lang=fa&sid=1 Fahimeh Ghasemi Charati فهیمه قاسمی چراتی fahime.ghasemi24@gmail.com 100319475328460013751 100319475328460013751 Yes Abolfazl Rahgoi ابوالفضل رهگوی rahgouin@yahoo.com 100319475328460013752 100319475328460013752 No Mina Berimavandi مینا بریموندی minabrmd75@gmail.com 100319475328460013753 100319475328460013753 No Sajjad Ranjbar Kouchaksaraei سجاد رنجبر کوچکسرایی sjd.ranjbar94@gmail.com 100319475328460013754 100319475328460013754 No Ali Abkari علی اکبری Fahime.ghasemi24@gmail.com 100319475328460013755 100319475328460013755 No Somaye Javanmardnejad سمیه جوانمردنژاد someiehjavanmard@gmail.com 100319475328460013756 100319475328460013756 No Masoud Fallahi-Khoshknab مسعود فلاحی خشکناب fallahi@uswr.ac.ir 100319475328460013757 100319475328460013757 No